(1) Microsand particles and polymer are added to the floc in the same tank.(2) Because of the difficulties of moving the floc , emptying the tanks could take up to six months.(3) PAM is a water-soluble polymer that clumps the fine, suspended particles typical of swine manure into larger particles, or flocs .(4) The flocs dispersed immediately when cells were resuspended in a glucose-citrate buffer.(5) This broadens the definition, because many of the self-buoyant microbes and plankton are collected in flocs as well.